What is the primary focus of Bowlby's attachment theory?

Bowlby's attachment theory primarily emphasizes the significance of the bond formed between a child and their primary caregiver, typically the mother. This theory posits that healthy attachment during early childhood is crucial for emotional and psychological development. Bowlby suggested that disruptions in this attachment, particularly through maternal deprivation, could lead to serious social, cognitive, and emotional problems later in life.

Maternal deprivation refers to instances where a child is separated from or lacks an emotionally available caregiver, which Bowlby believed could adversely affect a child's ability to form stable relationships, manage emotions, and navigate social situations. This focus on the consequences of maternal deprivation underscores the critical role of early bonds in shaping future behavioral and emotional health.

In contrast, the other options do not align with Bowlby's central tenet. Education, peer relationships, and social skills, while important in a broader context of development, do not capture the crux of Bowlby’s attachment theory, which is fundamentally about the nature and significance of early attachments, particularly with mothers or primary caregivers.