At what age range does the oral stage of Freud's psychosexual development occur?

The correct age range for Freud's oral stage of psychosexual development is from 0 to 18 months. During this phase, an infant's primary source of interaction with the world occurs through the mouth, mainly through activities such as sucking, biting, and chewing, which are essential for survival and pleasure. This stage is critical for developing trust and comfort, as the infant learns to rely on caregivers for nourishment and comfort. Experiences during this period can influence personality traits and behaviors later in life. According to Freud, challenges during this stage can lead to fixation, which may manifest in adulthood as issues related to dependency and aggression, often resulting in behaviors like smoking, overeating, or nail-biting. Thus, the oral stage encompasses the full span from birth until around 18 months.