According to attachment theory, why is the proximity of a caregiver important for infants?

In attachment theory, the proximity of a caregiver is crucial for infants primarily because it helps minimize separation anxiety. When caregivers are physically close, infants feel a sense of safety and security, which fosters emotional well-being. This bond is essential for the development of trust, as children learn that their needs will be met and that their caregiver is a reliable source of comfort.

A strong attachment facilitates the child's ability to explore their environment, knowing that they can return to a secure base when they feel threatened or anxious. Conversely, if a caregiver is frequently unavailable or distant, it can lead to heightened feelings of anxiety when the infant is separated from them, making them feel vulnerable and insecure. Thus, the physical closeness of a caregiver directly influences how infants manage feelings of anxiety associated with separation, underscoring the importance of this proximity in early developmental stages.